Everything I read about India talks about Modi's Hindu party and its persecution of minorities, especially Muslims.
This is a common narrative but the question is what persecution in Modi's India. The BJP of the 1990s is a very different party from the BJP of today. It is a Big Tent party today, still winning a quarter of the Muslim Vote, whom they supposedly oppress. They have a major voting base among the Christians and Buddhists in India. The aftershocks of the partition are leading to this as oppression of the Hindus in both Bangladesh and Pakistan galvanises them. The partition in a way was also a vindication of their parent organisation RSS's claim that Hindu's are a separate ethnic group. What keeps their regime alive is not their focus on religion but economy and nepotism. The people were tired of a slowing economy, Congress's never ending tryst with corruption and nepotism in the Congress. They rode on that wave and delivered a lot of promises like piped water and cooking gas in rural areas and a strong and mostly successful stance on terror. People are generally not single-issue voters. If there is to be a criticism of BJP it is the steady erosion of civil rights and liberties, the growth of a surveillance state and the weaponisation of the state agencies to weaken the opposition. This is a threat faced by all Indians in general but many still feel that it is worth it over the alternatives who by their own actions have done nothing but lead to further ridicule of themselves.
and how much percent of the population supports that party in relation to others, it is really very difficult to separate religion from politics, something that Western countries say they have done.
That's what a big tent party is. With a huge variety of opinions from the extremes of both ends.
The party can try to have a more neutral attitude, but what about when it passes laws that break sharia laws, for example. Or when they pass rules that go against Hindu norms.
That is one of the strongest criticisms of Modi's India. Interfering with the Muslim Customary law. The Congress reformed India's Hindu Laws to become a very modern set of laws that govern the daily lives of the Hindus but the Muslim laws were left intact with all of its regressive tendencies like polygamy and instantaneous divorce by men. As it is customary and not a codified law, it remained stuck in the era from before the British with piecemeal attempts to reform the system. Freedom of Religion indexes knocked India a few positions when it passed into a law an act making instantaneous divorce by men unlawful. Is protecting the rights of the women less important than preserving ancient customary laws? In any case India has parties that are avowedly for Muslims only like AIMIM and IUML but they never capture the minds of the Muslim electorate.
Religious radicalism does not end simply because a major party is destroyed. Religion, regiolanism and other problems will occur. The central government probably has the power to deal with this but it won't be simple.
But the League wasn't a major party beyond the elites even to its last days. There were many prominent Muslim organisations that sided with the Congress in the question of Pakistan, prominent ones among them include the All India Azad Muslim Conference and the Arhar Organisation. In the two largest provinces with Muslim majority Punjab and Bengal there were secularist Muslims in charge. By gaining the recognition of the British as the sole representative of the Muslims of India.
The Hindu organisations like RSS and HM were all formed as a reaction to the league and to counter it and with their end, their raison d'etre is over. Now they have to justify their existence in other ways
How important the partition was to the radicalisation of the religious groups on both sides of the border cannot be overstated. The massive carnage that broke out in Punjab keeps both people thinking that the other side is evil. The collective trauma that existed all over Northern and Western India was a major reason for Hindu Nationalists being able to survive within the Indian electorate and When the congress came to making everyone unhappy, the BJP just filled in a void as the other alternatives miserably failed due to making of their own. It was not something that was inevitable.
Indonesia is Muslim and probably looks more to the Arab world than India for inspiration
I do not think for a moment that Sukarno and Hatta's regime would be looking to the Arabs over Indians. They have nothing in common and they hate and fear the Nazi's just as much and if we are talking about the Arabs that are not under the influence of the Pakt, they are either under British Influence or they are Saudi Arabia. There is not much to take inspiration from them in this day and age.
What would be this country's ally, China, they probably have territorial disputes like in otl
China has no friend among the powerful countries unless you consider North Korea. Indonesia and India are probably the only countries, with whom their relationship can bring anything of worth. The border will remain disputed but the conflict will probably not break out. Mao cannot afford to make India an enemy and Nehru does not have his ego like a statesman built up in this dangerous world.
I'm not saying this to wish a bad path for India, but simply saying that it's resolved and moving on with life is a bit of a wrong attitude towards the problem.
The creation of the separate electorate meant that the parties had to split up into religion-based factions, to win seats in the electorate of the communities. And the most states at creation were a mix of several cultures with their borders as imaginary as that of Berlin Conference Africa. But the States Reorganisation Act in OTL by creating linguistic states successfully suppressed the religious divide. But furthering that with a system involving caste-based reserved seats made viable several parties that win only in places dominated by a particular caste, so the Muslim vote became a key focus and community received perks to keep them loyal. The Hindu nationalism opposed this trend by focusing on Hindu votes irrespective of caste and hoping that the drawout from the caste divided Hindu electorate which is significantly larger. In the first past the post system this yielded significant rewards.
The prime example is Uttar Pradesh where BJP and SP both made a target to get 40% of the votes. Hindus were 80% and Muslims were 20% BJP targetted half the Hindus and some Muslims. SP targetted all Muslims and a Quarter of the Hindus. BJP got about 37% from Hindus and 4% from Muslims and the SP got about 21% from the Hindus and 11% from Muslims. What we are seeing is the first past the post system in action.